In terms of achieving net zero carbon emissions, the largest mining companies in the world have several options – each with merits and demerits – they can explore.  Mining companies can either divest, decommission, reduce emissions in existing operations, and/or offset assets that produce high greenhouse gas emissions (GHG).

Achieving net zero presents a dilemma because many of the largest miners have made their goal of reaching net zero by offsetting current emissions either through purchasing carbon offsets or investing in solutions that mitigate climate change.

Divesting assets, which is something Anglo American did with their coal assets which they spun off into a pure play standalone coal miner, will decrease a miner’s GHG emissions on a standalone basis. This move simply makes the emissions another person or entity’s challenge. The transfer of assets to third parties increases the risk that those assets may not be de-commissioned promptly or appropriately…

The African logistics market has proven itself ahead of the curve in many areas, with endless potential and opportunities lurking just beneath the surface.…

• Zimbabwe Stock Exchange has been one of Africa's best performing stock markets during the years 2019 to 2021
• Zimbabwe's economy officially dollarized for the second time since 2009 when it first abandoned the use of the Zimbabwe dollar.
• The Zimbabwe Stock Exchange is home to some high quality companies that generate consistent quality returns.
• When dollarization first occurred in 2009 companies in Zimbabwe were left poorly capitalized and in need of fresh capital in hard currency.
• The need for fresh capital resulted in a flurry of rights issues from companies listed on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange which for the most part were poorly subscribed leading to the dilution of existing shareholders who could not pursue their rights when dollarization initially occurred.
• This second phase of dollarization will be like the initial phase for investors who are not prepared for it but will also be a significant opportunity for those with

The promise of industrialization in East Africa has been on an exponential growth trajectory, remarkably transforming the economies of all the thirteen nations in the region.

The root of this massive developmental shift has been the strategic partnerships that countries across the region have engaged in with developed countries, pertinently in Asia. This is well attuned to Africa’s Agenda 2063 on the ‘Africa we want’ set by the African Union (AU), which advocates under its first aspiration, a ‘Prosperous Africa based on inclusive growth and sustainable development’ and ‘A Strong, United, Resilient and Influential Global Player and Partner’ under aspiration 7.

Towards the fruition of both aspirations, countries in East Africa have been forging transformative partnerships aligned to their specific national development goals strengthening trade and bilateral ties with Asian allies largely China, Japan, Turkey, Indonesia and India.

However, China has spearheaded this much-needed development, which continues to pump resources…